Баскская этимология : Результат запроса

PROTO: *(H)apar̄

MEANING: 1 foam, froth 2 (coarse) beeswax (residue in hive)

BZK: (Araba) apar 2

GIP: apar 1

BZT: apar 1

COMMENTS: Attested only in non-aspirating dialects, so we do not know whether the Proto-Bsq word was *Hapar̄ or *apar̄. If the former, cf. PY *χɔpVr 'foam' (Kott hāpar, etc.).

PROTO: *Hapo

PRNUM: PRNUM

MEANING: 1 hoof (of larger animals) 2 hoof (of smaller animals)

BZK: apo 1, apatx 2

PROTO: *haraic

PRNUM: PRNUM

MEANING: 1 oak tree 2 tree (in general)

BZK: aritz, aritx, aretx 1, 2

GIP: araitz, areitz, aritz 1

ANV: aritz 1

BNV: haritz 1

LAB: haritz 1

BZT: aritz 2

ZBR: háritx, háitx 1

RNC: aretx 1

COMMENTS: Bsq *haraic may be related (with metathesis: *ʔăɫʔăjʒV) to PNC *ʔăjʒăɫʔV 'hardwood tree (rowan, cornel)'.

PROTO: *harc, *hars-kone

PRNUM: PRNUM

MEANING: 1 bear 2 badger

ARB: {arç} 1

BZK: artz 1, azkonar 2 (Arratia, Orozko, Txorierri) azkunar 2

GIP: artz 1, azkonar 2

ANV: artz 1, (Larraun) azkonar 2, (Esteribar) azkon, azkona, aixkona 2, (Lezaka) azkanarro 2

BNV: hartz 1, (Garazi) azkoin 2, (Aldude) azkon 2

SAL: artz 1, azkon 2

LAB: hartz 1, azkona 2, azkuin 2, azkanaro, azkenarro 2

BZT: azkon 2

ZBR: hartz 1, harzkṹ, hazkṹ 2

RNC: artz 1, azkoĩ 2

COMMENTS: Michelena (1961) identifies this word with the Aquitanian name Harsus. The word for 'badger' is a compound of *har̄c + *kone (+ -ar̄ in some dialects). For the second component see *-kone.

PROTO: *har̄i

PRNUM: PRNUM

MEANING: stone

BZK: arri

GIP: arri

ANV: arri

BNV: harri

SAL: arri

LAB: harri

BZT: arri

AZK: arri

ZBR: harri

RNC: arri

PROTO: *haro

PRNUM: PRNUM

MEANING: weather, season

BZK: aro

GIP: aro

ANV: aro

BNV: haro

LAB: haro

ZBR: háro

RNC: aro

COMMENTS: Cf. ZBR haro-hún 'good weather', haro-gaitz 'bad weather'; used in names of months, e.g. LAB ost-aro 'May (leaf season)', ere-aro 'June (sowing season)', etc. Cf. PEC *h[ă]ɫʔa 'steam': the semantic chain ‘steam, breath, air ~ wind, weather’ is common.

PROTO: *(H)aro

PRNUM: PRNUM

MEANING: 1 knot of tree 2 *stick, pole

BZK: ara-ka 1

RNC: ara-kaldi 2

COMMENTS: RNC arakaldi is glossed as 'tanda de palos / volée de coups de bāton', implying underlying *(H)aro 'stick, pole': for formation cf. besa-ka (BNV) 'rama(s) de un árbol' < *beśo 'arm'.

PROTO: *har̄o

PRNUM: PRNUM

MEANING: 1 proud, haughty 2 stylish, free in one's ways 4 daring, audacious 5 jolly person

BZK: arro 1

GIP: arro 1

BNV: harro 1, 5

SAL: arro 1

LAB: harro 1, 5

BZT: arro 1

ZBR: hárro 2, 4, 5

RNC: arro 1

PROTO: *har̄(-tu)

PRNUM: PRNUM

MEANING: 1 take, receive 2 comprehend, understand 3 treat (well or badly)

BZK: ar-tu 1, 3

GIP: ar-tu 1, 3

ANV: ar-tu 1

BNV: har-tu 1, 2

LAB: har-tu 1

ZBR: hár-tü 1

RNC: ar-tu 1, 2

PROTO: *haś

PRNUM: PRNUM

MEANING: naked, bare

BNV: has

SAL: as

LAB: has

ZBR: has

RNC: as

COMMENTS: An eastern word: in the west (EB) biluzi 'naked', murritz or soil for 'bare' are used. Cf. PNC *ɦǝ̄ć̣Ĕ 'hollow, empty'; and Bsq *huć and *ɦućal - the words may be partially blended.

PROTO: *hasi

PRNUM: PRNUM

MEANING: 1 to grow, breed, cultivate, bring up 2 seed, semen 3 lineage, breed, race

BZK: azi 1, 2, (Orozko) az 3

GIP: azi 1, 2

ANV: azi 1, 2

BNV: hazi 1, 2, (Aldude) 3

LAB: hazi 1, 2

ZBR: hazi 1, 2, (Ligi) hatz 3

RNC: azi 1, 2, 3

PROTO: *haśi

PRNUM: PRNUM

MEANING: to begin, start

BZK: asi

GIP: asi

BNV: hasi

SAL: asi

LAB: hasi

ZBR: hási

RNC: asi

PROTO: *hauć

PRNUM: PRNUM

MEANING: 1 ashes 2 powder 3 Ash Wednesday

BZK: auts 1, 2, errauts 1

GIP: auts1, 2 auster, austerre 1

ANV: auts, auster 1, errauts 2, (Lezaka) austerri 3

BNV: hauts 1, herrauts 2

LAB: hauts 1, auster 1, herrauts 2

BZT: errauts 2

ZBR: hauts, hautx 1, erháuts, erhautx 2

RNC: auts 1, errauts 2

COMMENTS: The compounds *er̄-hauć and *hauś-t-er̄e contain *er̄e 'to burn'.

PROTO: *haundi

PRNUM: PRNUM

MEANING: big, great

BZK: aundi, andi

GIP: andi, aundi

ANV: andi

BNV: handi, (Aldude) haundi

LAB: handi, haundi

ZBR: hã́ndi

RNC: ándi

PROTO: *hau-r̄

PRNUM: PRNUM

MEANING: child

GIP: aur

BNV: haur

SAL: aur

LAB: haur

BZT: aur

ZBR: haur

RNC: aur

COMMENTS: In BZK the common word for 'child' is instead sein (see *śa- / *śe- / *-śo [kin element]), or ume (for 'young animal' as well: see *hume). Bsq *hau-r̄ is parallel in form with Chechen-Ingush χowχa-r 'lamb', i.e. both have a fossilized plural *-r suffix, common in Bsq and EC languages.

PROTO: *hauśi

PRNUM: PRNUM

MEANING: to break, tear

BZK: ausi

GIP: ausi

ANV: autsi

BNV: hautsi

SAL: autsi

LAB: hautsi

ZBR: háutse, hautx

RNC: áutse

COMMENTS: Most etymologists connect this word with *hauć ‘ashes, powder’ (q.v.), but this association is secondary, and the western form ausi < *hauśi is probably original.

PROTO: *hauśpo

MEANING: 1 lungs 2 bellows

BZK: auspo, aspo 2, (Markina, Orozko) auspo 1

GIP: auspo, aspo 2

ANV: auspo, aspo 2

BNV: hausko 2

SAL: ausko 2

LAB: hausko 2

BZT: ausko 2

ZBR: hauspo, haspo 2

RNC: ausko 2

COMMENTS: Probably contaminated with *hauć 'ashes, dust'. Cf. PNC *q_wǝlɵV(rV̄) / *χ_wǝlɵV(rV̄) 'lung'; Bur *qhurpat 'lungs' ??

PROTO: *hega-

PRNUM: PRNUM

MEANING: 1 to fly 2 flying

BZK: egaatu, egabanatu 1, egan 2

GIP: egaatu 1, egan 2

ANV: egaz egin 1

BNV: (h)egaldatu 1

ZBR: hegaltatü 1

COMMENTS: Cf. *hegal 'wing'. Both words have probably contaminated each other.

PROTO: *hegal

PRNUM: PRNUM

MEANING: 1 wing 2 loin, flank (of cow) 3 fin (of fish)

BZK: egal 2

ANV: egal 1, 3

BNV: hegal 1, 3

SAL: magal 1

LAB: hegal 1, 3

BZT: egal 1

ZBR: hegal 1, 3

RNC: egal 1, magal 1

COMMENTS: This word has other secondary meanings: 'eave (of roof)', edge (of table)', 'brim (of hat)', etc. Cf. *hega- 'to fly', which may have contaminated this word (i.e., original *e=gal, changed to *hegal). The magal forms are either blended with *maga-l 'lap, flank' (q.v.), or a prefixed formation with the fossilized prefix *ma=.

PROTO: *hegi

PRNUM: PRNUM

MEANING: 1 crest, ridge 2 small plateau overhanging a cliff 3 border, edge, corner

BZK: egi 1

GIP: egi 1

ANV: egi 1

BNV: hegi 1, 2

LAB: hegi 1, 2

ZBR: hegi 1, 3

RNC: egi 1

COMMENTS: This word is thought to be the source of the common suffix -egi ~ -tegi ~ -degi ‘place, house of’, as in (c) jaur-egi ‘palace’ (‘lord’s place’), abel-tegi ‘stable’, ardan-degi ‘tavern, wine shop’, and many others.